WARNING: Know these Basic Math Concepts or Fail the CSET

Mar
02

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Excerpt from the CSET study guide

Let’s review a few basic concepts in math for the CSET.

Identity Element

An identity element (also called “neutral element”) is a number which, combined with an operation (like addition or multiplication), does not change the “identity” of the number.

In addition, the identity element is 0, since any number + 0 = the original number. You will also see this called the “additive identity”.

In multiplication, the identity element is 1, since 1 times any number = the original number. You will also see this called the “multiplicative identity”.

The term “identity element” is often shortened to just “identity”.

Commutative property: a + b = b + a
Associative property: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
Distributive property: a(b + c) = ab + ac
Additive identity: a + 0 = a
Multiplicative identity: a x 1 = a

Convert a Decimal to a Fraction

To convert a decimal to a fraction, remove the decimal point, the remaining number is the numerator of the fraction, the denominator of the fraction is 1 followed by as many zeros as there were digits to the right of the decimal point in the original number.

Example

Question: Convert 150.123 to a fraction.
Answer: 150123 / 1000

Question: Convert 1.5 to a fraction.
Answer: 15 / 10

Percent

Percent is another way of expressing a fractional number.

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